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NAMESPACE(4)               Kernel Interfaces Manual               NAMESPACE(4)



NAME
       namespace - structure of conventional file name space

SYNOPSIS
       none

DESCRIPTION
       After  a user's profile has run, the file name space should adhere to a
       number of conventions if the system is to behave normally.  This manual
       page  documents  those conventions by traversing the file hierarchy and
       describing the points of interest.  It also serves as a guide to  where
       things reside in the file system proper.  The traversal is far from ex‐
       haustive.

       First, here is the appearance of the file server as it  appears  before
       any mounts or bindings.

       /      The root directory.

       /adm   The administration directory for the file server.

       /adm/users
              List of users known to the file server; see users(6).

       /adm/keys
              Authentication keys for users.

       /adm/netkeys
              SecureNet keys for users; see securenet(8).

       /adm/timezone
              Directory of timezone files; see ctime(2).

       /adm/timezone/EST.EDT
              Time zone description for Eastern Time.  Other such files are in
              this directory too.

       /adm/timezone/timezone
              Time zone description for the local time zone; a copy of one  of
              the other files in this directory.

       /bin

       /dev

       /env

       /fd

       /net

       /proc

       /srv

       /tmp   All empty unwritable directories, place holders for mounted ser‐
              vices and directories.

       /mnt   A directory containing mount points for applications.

       /n     A directory containing mount points for file trees imported from
              remote systems.

       /386

       /68000

       /68020

       /alpha

       /arm

       /mips

       /power

       /sparc Each CPU architecture supported by Plan 9 has a directory in the
              root containing architecture-specific files, to be selected  ac‐
              cording  to  $objtype or $cputype (see 8c(1) and init(8)).  Here
              we list only those for /386.

       /386/init
              The  initialization  program  used  during  bootstrapping;   see
              init(8).

       /386/bin
              Directory containing binaries for the Intel x86 architecture.

       /386/bin/aux

       /386/bin/ip

       etc.   Subdirectories  of  /386/bin containing auxiliary tools and col‐
              lecting related programs.

       /386/lib
              Directory of object code libraries as used by 8l (see 8l(1)).

       /386/include
              Directory of x86-specific C include files.

       /386/9*
              The files in /386 beginning with a 9 are binaries of the operat‐
              ing system or its bootstrap loader.

       /386/mkfile
              Selected  by mk(1) when $objtype is 386, this file configures mk
              to compile for the Intel x86 architecture.

       /rc    Isomorphic to the architecture-dependent directories, this holds
              executables and libraries for the shell, rc(1).

       /rc/bin
              Directory of shell executable files.

       /rc/lib
              Directory of shell libraries.

       /rc/lib/rcmain
              Startup code for rc(1).

       /lib   Collections of data, generally not parts of programs.

       /lib/mammals

       /lib/sky

       etc.   Databases.

       /lib/ndb
              The network database used by the networking software; see ndb(6)
              and ndb(8).

       /lib/namespace
              The file used by newns (see auth(2)) to  establish  the  default
              name space; see namespace(6).

       /lib/font/bit
              Bitmap font files.

       /lib/font/hershey
              Vector font files.

       /lib/rfc
              Directory  of  Internet  `Requests  For  Comments', ranging from
              trivia to specifications.

       /lib/rfc/grabrfc
              Maintains RFC collection; usually run from cron (see auth(8)).

       /sys   System software.

       /sys/include
              Directory of machine-independent C include files.

       /sys/lib
              Pieces of programs not easily held in the various bins.

       /sys/lib/acid
              Directory of acid(1) load modules.

       /sys/lib/dist
              Software  used  to  assemble  the  distribution's   installation
              floppy.

       /sys/lib/troff
              Directory of troff(1) font tables and macros.

       /sys/lib/yaccpar
              The yacc(1) parser.

       /sys/man
              The manual.

       /sys/doc
              Other system documentation.

       /sys/log
              Log files created by various system services.

       /sys/src
              Top-level directory of system sources.

       /sys/src/cmd
              Source to the commands in the bin directories.

       /sys/src/9
              Source to the operating system for terminals and CPU servers.

       /sys/src/fs
              Source to the operating system for file servers.

       /sys/src/lib*
              Source to the libraries.

       /usr   A directory containing home directories of users.

       /mail  Directory of electronic mail; see mail(1).

       /mail/box
              Directory of users' mail box files.

       /mail/lib
              Directory of alias files, etc.

       /acme  Directory of tools for acme(1).

       /cron  Directory of files for cron(8).

       /cfg/system
              System-specific files, often addenda to their namesakes, notably
              cpurc, termrc, namespace, and consoledb.

       The following files and directories are modified in the  standard  name
       space, as defined by /lib/namespace (see namespace(6)).

       /      The  root  of  the  name space.  It is a kernel device, root(3),
              serving a number of local mount points such as /bin and /dev  as
              well as the bootstrap program /boot.  Unioned with / is the root
              of the main file server.

       /boot  Compiled into the operating system kernel, this file establishes
              the  connection  to  the  main  file server and starts init; see
              boot(8) and init(8).

       /bin   Mounted here is a union  directory  composed  of  /$objtype/bin,
              /rc/bin,  $home/$objtype/bin, etc., so /bin is always the direc‐
              tory containing the appropriate executables for the current  ar‐
              chitecture.

       /dev   Mounted here is a union directory containing I/O devices such as
              the console (cons(3)),  the  interface  to  the  raster  display
              (draw(3)), etc.  The window system, rio(1), prefixes this direc‐
              tory with its own version, overriding many device files with its
              own, multiplexed simulations of them.

       /env   Mounted  here is the environment device, env(3), which holds en‐
              vironment variables such as $cputype.

       /net   Mounted here is a union directory formed of all the network  de‐
              vices available.

       /net/cs
              The  communications point for the connection server, ndb/cs (see
              ndb(8)).

       /net/dns
              The communications point for the  Domain  Name  Server,  ndb/dns
              (see ndb(8)).

       /net/tcp

       /net/udp
              Directories holding the IP protocol devices (see ip(3)).

       /proc  Mounted  here is the process device, proc(3), which provides de‐
              bugging access to active processes.

       /fd    Mounted here is the dup device, dup(3), which  holds  pseudonyms
              for open file descriptors.

       /srv   Mounted  here  is the service registry, srv(3), which holds con‐
              nections to file servers.

       /srv/boot
              The communication channel to the main file server  for  the  ma‐
              chine.

       /mnt/factotum
              Mount point for factotum(4).

       /mnt/wsys
              Mount point for the window system.

       /mnt/term
              Mount  point  for  the  terminal's name space as seen by the CPU
              server after a cpu(1) command.

       /n/kremvax
              A place where machine kremvax's name space may be mounted.

       /tmp   Mounted here is each user's private tmp, $home/tmp.

SEE ALSO
       intro(1), namespace(6)



                                                                  NAMESPACE(4)