glenda.party
term% ls -F
term% pwd
$home/manuals/unix_v8/7/map
term% cat index.txt
MAP(7)                 Miscellaneous Information Manual                 MAP(7)



NAME
       map - draw maps on various projections

SYNOPSIS
       map projection [ param ... ] [ option ... ]

DESCRIPTION
       Map  prepares  on the standard output a map suitable for display by any
       plotting filter described in plot(1).  A menu of  projections  is  pro‐
       duced in response to an unknown projection.  For the meanings of params
       pertinent to particular projections see map(3).

       The default data for map are world shorelines.  Option -f accesses more
       detailed data classified by feature.

       -f [ feature ] ...
              Known  features  are  ranked  1 to 4 from major to minor, with a
              higher-numbered rank including all lower-numbered ones.  A miss‐
              ing rank is taken to be 1.  Features are
              shore[1-4]    seacoasts, lakes, and islands; option -f always shows shore1
              ilake[1-2]    intermittent lakes
              river[1-4]    rivers
              iriver[1-3]   intermittent rivers
              canal[1-3]    (canal3 = irrigation canals)
              glacier
              iceshelf[12]
              reef
              saltpan[12]
              country[123]  (country[23] = disputed and indefinite boundaries)
              state         states and provinces (US and Canada only)

       In  the following list of other options all coordinates are in degrees,
       with north latitude and west longitude counted as positive.

       -l S N E W
              the southern and northern latitude and the eastern  and  western
              longitude  limits  of  the  desired  map.  Missing arguments are
              filled out from the list -90, 90, -180, 180,  or  lesser  limits
              suitable to the projection in question.

       -o lat lon rot
              Orient the map in a nonstandard position.  Imagine a transparent
              gridded sphere around the globe.  First turn the  overlay  about
              the  North  Pole so that the Prime Meridian (longitude 0) of the
              overlay coincides with meridian lon on the globe.  Then tilt the
              North  Pole  of the overlay along its Prime Meridian to latitude
              lat on the globe.  Finally again  turn  the  overlay  about  its
              `North  Pole' so that its Prime Meridian coincides with the pre‐
              vious position of meridian rot.  Project the desired map in  the
              standard  form appropriate to the overlay, but presenting infor‐
              mation from the underlying globe.  Missing arguments are  filled
              out  from  the  list 90, 0, 0.  Default orientation is 90, 0, m,
              where m is the middle of the longitude range.

       -w S N E W
              Window the map by the specified latitudes and longitudes in  the
              tilted,  rotated  coordinate system.  (It is wise to give an en‐
              compassing -l option with -w.  Otherwise for small windows  com‐
              puting time varies inversely with area!)

       -d n   Alter the density of points by plotting only every nth one.

       -r     Reverse  left and right side of map, for star charts and inside-
              out views.

       -s     Save the screen, don't erase before drawing.

       -g dlat dlon res
              Grid spacings are dlat, dlon  (10  degrees  by  default).   Zero
              spacing means no grid.  Missing dlat is taken to be zero.  Miss‐
              ing dlon is taken the same as dlat.  Grid lines are drawn  to  a
              resolution of res (2 degrees by default).

       -p lat lon extent
              Position  the point lat, lon at the center of the plotting area,
              and scale so that the height (and width) of the nominal plotting
              area  is  extent times the size of one degree of latitude at the
              center.  For example, a standard  schoolroom-wall  Mercator  map
              comes out as if positioned and scaled with -p 0 0 360.

       -c x y After  all  other  positioning  and scaling operations have been
              performed, move the center of the map to position  x,  y,  where
              the nominal plotting area is -1≤x≤1, -1≤y≤1.

       -m [ file ] ...
              Use  map  data  from named files instead of the defaults.  If no
              files are named, plot grid only.  Names not the pathname of real
              files  are looked up in a standard directory, which contains, in
              addition to the data for -f,

              world    World Data Bank I from CIA (the default map)
              states   US map from Census Bureau
              counties US map from Census Bureau

       -b     Suppress border around map.

       -t [ file ] ...
              The following arguments name ASCII files that contain  lists  of
              points,  given  as  latitude-longitude pairs in degrees.  If the
              first file is named `-', the standard input  is  taken  instead.
              The  points of each list are plotted as connected `tracks', i.e.
              dot-dashed lines superimposed on the map.   A  nonnumeric  field
              optionally  preceded  by  `"'  ends a track.  The field together
              with everything up to the next newline is placed as a  label  at
              the  last point of the track, positioned so that a leading char‐
              acter such as `+' or `X' will fall on the point.

       -u [ file ] ...
              Same as -t, except the tracks are unbroken lines.

       The environment variables MAP and MAPDIR change the default map and de‐
       fault directory.

EXAMPLES
       A  `polar'  map  centered  on New York (actually a low-orbit view): map
       perspective 1.025 -o 40.75 74.  The job can be done faster by  limiting
       the  map  so as not to `plot' the invisible part of the world: map per‐
       spective 1.025 -o 40.75 74 -l 20 60 30 100.
       An `equatorial' map of the earth centered on New York: map mercator  -o
       49.25  -106  180.  The pole of the map is placed 90 degrees away on the
       other side of the earth.  A 180-degree twist around the pole of the map
       arranges that the `Prime Meridian' of the map runs from the pole of the
       map over the North Pole to New York instead of down the  back  side  of
       the earth.  The same effect can be had from: map mercator -o 130.75 74.
       A  customary curved-latitude map of the United States: map albers 28 45
       -l 20 50 60 130.

FILES
       /n/bowell/usr1/maps default directory, contains following files
       101,102,...,403     World Data Bank II
       world               World Data Bank I
       states
       counties

SEE ALSO
       map(5), map(3), plot(1)

DIAGNOSTICS
       `map seems to be empty'—the intersection of the limits and  the  window
       seems to be null; for very local maps, the grid resolution res may have
       to be refined.

BUGS
       Border lines appear only along boundaries that arise from -l and -w op‐
       tions.
       Segments that cross a map border are dropped.



                                    bowell                              MAP(7)