term% cat index.txt PAINT(9.1) PAINT(9.1)
NAME
paint - draw pictures in a layer
SYNOPSIS
paint
DESCRIPTION
Paint is a more elaborate relation of twid(9.6).
Button 3 gets a menu. Certain menu items contain arrows, which if
touched call submenus. Moving off the right of a submenu causes it to
disappear. Pressing button 1 while holding button 3 gets a short help
message for the menu item. The top-level menu contains:
Style → Different kinds of brushstrokes
Operation → Ways of putting paint on canvas
Texture → Things to do to the texture pattern
Brush → Things to do to the paintbrush
Canvas → Things to do to the whole picture
State → Change things saved in .paintstate
Fill Fill an area of the picture
Green Erase the entire picture
Mask Display mask instead of image; `*' means mask
Exit Leave the paint program
The Style submenu adjusts `brushstrokes':
Paint Multiple brushspots while holding button 1 or 2
Circles Rubberband circles; press at center and release at circumference
Lines Rubberband brush lines
Curves Continuous strokes while holding button 1 or 2
Line style → Solid, dotted, dashed, etc. lines
Entries in the Line Style sub-submenu are strings of `A's, `B's and
`.'s that describe dotted and dashed lines. `A' stands for the brush
on the button pushed, `B' stands for the brush on the other button; `.'
for no brush at all. The string is cycled through at successive points
when drawing Lines, Curves, or Circles. Thus `A' means a solid line,
`A...' means a 1 in 4 dotted line, and `AAAA....' means 4-point dashes.
The Operation submenu assigns a pair of operations, one for each of
buttons 1 and 2, to be performed as the brush is laid down. A hidden
`mask' plane describes the shape that has been painted; black pixels in
the mask are inside, green outside. Likewise, the brush consists of a
pair of rectangular image and mask planes. There are 11 effective op‐
erations to combine the part of the brush inside its mask with the part
of the picture it sits on (see the Porter/Duff paper for details); se‐
lected pairs can be assigned to the buttons:
Above/Erase Button 1 paints on top, Button 2 erases
Below/Erase Button 1 paints behind, Button 2 erases
Above/Below Button 1 paints on top, Button 2 behind
Inside/Erase Button 1 paints inside, Button 2 erases
Brush/Clear Special effects A, CLEAR
AoutB/AinB Special effects
BinA/BatopA Special effects
Xor/Above Special effects
Above paints on top of the picture. This is the operation performed by
`normal' paint programs.
Below paints underneath; it will show through only in places that were
not previously covered.
Inside paints on top, but only inside the already-painted part.
The other 7 operations are best described as `special effects'. Try
them out to see what they do, or look at the Porter/Duff paper.
Texture facilities paint with a repeating 16×16 pattern instead of
copies of a brush. The Texture menu contains:
Texture Turn texturing on or off; `*' means on
Make Pick a texture from the picture
Negate Reverse the texture's green and black
Save Name a texture and copy it into a file
Library → List and and retrieve textures in library
Get Type a name and get a texture from a file
Make gives a 16×16 square cursor with which to pick a texture.
The Brush submenu contains Make, Negate, Save, Library, and Get, which
do for brushes what the same items do for textures.
Make allows you to sweep out a region to use as a brush.
The Canvas submenu also contains Negate, Save, Library, and Get, in
this case pertaining to entire pictures.
Library pictures are saved in a file containing the image plane then
the mask plane in bitfile(9.5) format.
The file .paintstate in the current directory remembers across invoca‐
tions of paint the names of the current brush, texture, and libraries.
The State submenu displays the library names at the bottom of the
layer, where they can be edited:
Brushes Name the brush directory
Pictures Name the picture directory
Textures Name the texture directory
The Fill menu item gives an arrowhead cursor. If you touch down at a
point not painted, the rookwise-connected region containing it will
fill with black. On completion, the black will be replaced by the cur‐
rent texture. While the region is filling, any button click aborts the
operation.
The current selections from the Brush, Library, Style, Operation, Tex‐
ture, and Line Style menus are marked with a `*', and are displayed in
the information box at the bottom of the layer.
FILES
/usr/jerq/paint/brush the default brush library
/usr/jerq/paint/tex the default texture library
.paintstate state of terminated program
SEE ALSO
can(1), bitfile(9.5), twid(9.6)
Thomas Porter and Tom Duff, `Compositing Digital Images,' Siggraph '84
Proceedings
BUGS
The menu entries should be in lower case.
PAINT(9.1)